RIN Blog
Blog Home All Blogs

Trinity House User Group Meeting Report

Posted By John Hasselgren, 12 December 2024

Trinity House User Group Meeting

by John Hasselgren

 

I was privileged to attend this annual meeting at Trinity House in November. Unlike those before COVID-19, and that held last year on board THV Galatea, this was a hybrid meeting, with some being physically present and others attending online.

The recently appointed Deputy Master, Rear Admiral Iain Lower, introduced himself, explaining that another meeting would shortly require him to depart. Before doing so, he welcomed us and stressed the importance of these user group meetings. Trinity House’s new strategies were detailed in the Forward Plan launched in March. Feedback on this would be required. Its focus was on delivering safety and honouring Trinity House's heritage while still encouraging innovation. This would assist the nation’s economy and security. An innovative mix of real and virtual Aids to Navigation would be used, together with smart buoys with a longer life. Replacement vessels were to be sought; Patricia was now 44 years old, and Galatea 25 years.

After Iain Lower had departed, Commodore Nigel Hare, Director of Navigational Requirements, chaired the meeting. The Terms of Reference for this user group were introduced, stating that it hadn’t been updated for several years. Attendees were listed – one from the RIN – but we were assured that additions could be made and that it would be appreciated if requests to do so were made very soon, preferably within a week.


The meeting now moved on to recent and current issues:

In the Thames Estuary, Long Sand Head, which had been stable for several years was now moving North and had crossed the direct line between two buoys. This is a crucial area as the sandbank is likely to intrude into the Sunk TSS off Harwich. One buoy had been repositioned and a new one, East Long Sand Head - East Cardinal - instituted.

In the Stanford Channel the Holm Sand is migrating South and it is now only possible to mark a 4.5 metre contour.

Bishop Rock LH. The AIS signal ceased to operate. Since the nearest available helicopter to get a crew to the lighthouse to fix the problem was in Scotland, a virtual AIS mark was transmitted from St. Just with a 30-mile range. Unfortunately, this wasn’t receivable onboard ships at sea. To solve this range problem engineers installed a mobile AIS station at Peninnis Head on St. Mary’s until the one in the lighthouse could be replaced.

At Brancaster the wreck of the Vina, the marking of which TH took over in 1998, sits on the drying line and is now reported to becoming covered by the moving sand bank. As a result, the beacon marking it, used by local fishermen, is not easily visible. It is to be raised by 2 metres.

TH is aware of 9 new wrecks, leisure or fishing vessels, and has attended 7 of them. Lady Maureen was located with sonar by THV Patricia, with the search completed by RIB from THV Mair. In 24 metres depth there was no need to mark this. Similarly, the wreck of Skomar was found by THV Galatea with 8.5 metres over her, and no need to mark.

Andy Holt, Deputy Director of Navigation, reported a struggle to meet the schedule of maintenance due to the availability of vessels and the turnover of staff. Even so, maintenance was still ahead of IALA requirements. The moorings of Sandettie LV have been replaced and those for Fox Trot 3 LV are due to be done. A contract for the provision of helicopters for maintenance of isolated AtoNs is being pursued. Moving on to the vessels, THV Alert is having an extensive refit  in Lowestoft; the hydraulics are a serious problem. THV Patricia is now ‘delicate’, but her systems are mostly analogue so can be remade and replaced. However, she has bow thruster problems. THV Mair is a mainly west coast vessel, often used in conjunction with a RIB. She works mainly on beacons.

Lighthouses due for modernisation this year are Needles, Trevose Head and Pendeen. There will be system upgrades for the red light sectors at Nash Point, South Bishop and Dungeness. High-pressure mercury lamps (MBI) will be replaced at Bull Point, Round Island and Bamburgh Head. Projects agreed are those at Coquet, Cromer and Trevose Head, while modernization of Skerries has started.

The removal of the Royal Sovereign Lighthouse continues. The top accommodation section was removed in 2023, with the materials being recycled for the construction industry, and the pillar on which it stood is now being dismantled. Four cardinal buoys mark the site and will remain until surveys show the area is safe for navigation. 

Wolf Rock Tower has been repointed and inspected.

Adrian Oliver, Project Director, is responsible for the replacement of Patricia and Galatea. The basic technical specification has been agreed upon for two identical vessels. Engagement with the industry for the procurement is ongoing and it is hoped that approval will be given later this year.

Dr. Alan Grant, Head of Research, spoke of the areas covered by GRAD. These were:

Visual signalling.  
Assessment of the effectiveness of lighthouse and buoy lamps and the development of GLAs’ own LED sources, checking the long-term deterioration of LEDs and investigating how autonomous vessels will observe AtoNs.

Resilient PNT.        
Monitoring the performance and integrity of GNSS at several sites around the UK and looking at radar absolute positioning and other complementary PNT systems.

S-100 data structure.  
How different equipment and users will share data.

Digital services.
How do we authenticate virtual AtoNs, and can machine learning and AI identify failures before they occur?

One item of great interest to me is East Goodwin Lightvessel which is being replaced by a buoy since, with the accuracy of GNSS, many ships pass between it and the Goodwin Sands, and it has become a hazard itself. As AtoNs have a secondary role in helping position finding in the event of failure of other systems, I asked if the characteristic of the light could be something other than a single flash, from which is almost impossible to take a bearing at night from a small yacht. The light vessel is to be replaced by an East Cardinal Buoy with the characteristic three flashes.

 

Tags:  leisure sailing  small craft group  Trinity House 

PermalinkComments (1)
 

Slyne Head or bust! - Small Craft Group event report

Posted By John Hasselgren, 14 February 2024

An intriguing title to an excellent talk at the Little Ship Club by SCG Committee Member Darryl Hughes. This annual event organized by the Small Craft Group and hosted by the Little Ship Club was run both as an attended and an online evening. Those attending in person gave Darryl a full house, which he entertained, not only with tales of sailing but also his love of Irish poetry.

The course:      Start at Wicklow and sail clockwise round Ireland and all its islands (except Rockall, the ownership of which is uncertain). Finish at Wicklow. The tides are quite weak down the southern part of the course and fairly easy up the west and north coast until approaching Rathlin Head. One hopes to time one’s arrival here to catch the Rathlin Tidal Express round Rathlin Head and into the North Channel, between Ireland and Scotland. The winds will normally give a beat at the start, down to the South and along the South Coast of Ireland, and then they should be astern up the west and north coasts. After Rathlin Head, you take what comes.

The yacht:       Maybird is the oldest, and the only gaff-rigged, yacht to have completed this race. She was designed, as were many cruising yachts, by Fred Shepherd whose assistant Fred Parker signed many of the plans unearthed by Darryl during her restoration. She was built in Arklow at Jack Tyrell’s yard in 1937, where mostly work boats and a lifeboat were constructed. That she has survived for more than eighty years is down to the excellent quality of the materials from which she was built – pitch pine planking from Florida on Irish oak frames. Maybird was commissioned by Lt. Col. W C W Hawkes, the youngest of three career soldier brothers who all served at the Battle of the Somme, and were all awarded the DSO, all surviving the war.

From 2009 to 2011 Daryl managed the Maybird restoration project. The thirty-two Irish oak frames were still so strong that none needed replacing. To conform to modern RORC rules she needed to be fitted with a lot of electronic gear such as AIS and locator beacons on all lifejackets.

Racing:                        Taking part in the 1938 RORC race from Falmouth to Kingstown (now Dun Laoghaire) Maybird finished last in Class 2, some 14 hours behind the winner Maid of Malham, skippered by John Illingworth. This is a tradition that Darryl continues to uphold!

In 2011 Maybird completed the Fastnet in 61/2 days. Being a heavy displacement, long keel, gaff rigged yacht, she was never designed to be competitive to windward. From the start she was heading towards the Channel Islands, so never stood a chance of winning.

2011 Fastnet race. Credit: Peter Mumford of Beken of Cowes

Competing in the 2016 Round Ireland Race she was forced to retire by the time she reached the Fastnet Rock, as engine failure left her unable to charge her batteries and so unable to power the safety equipment she now needs to carry.

2018 Round Ireland Race:      To illustrate the race, Darryl chose to compare Maybird with another competitor, Jedi. Maybird has a displacement of 21 tonnes with a long keel, an overall length of 43 feet (13.1 metres) and was built for cruising. She isn’t good to windward. Jedi, by comparison, is a 10.75-metre racing yacht with a displacement of 4.9 tonnes. A deep fin keel with a heavy bulb gives her minimum wetted surface and so, less frictional drag.

Jedi has 80,000 miles of racing behind her, with several wins. Maybird has 8,000 racing miles, finishes last and, apart from Darryl, an all-Irish crew from the Arklow Sailing Club (I’m not sure how this could be seen as a handicap). With her displacement, it is difficult to get Maybird moving fast unless you hang up every sail including the mizzen staysail. Before the race Jedi was removing gear due to the light winds forecast, while Maybird was adding water, food and gear in anticipation of a slow passage. Maybird’s crew expected haute cuisine and loaded many prepared dishes while those aboard Jedi were content with freeze-dried meals.

Maybird used paper charts, compass and log, although she did carry a chart plotter, mainly to keep Ireland to starboard.

On Day 1 after the start of the race, the tide was south going for six hours. Jedi slipped away and got ahead. The Tusker Light was not working, which had not been disseminated in any navigation warnings, although a ferry did call Maybird to advise her. Jedi, way ahead and in the dark, managed to lose a man overboard; she put into practice the standard procedure with a visual watch being kept on the casualty, while sails were handed, and the MOB button pressed on the SatNav. After recovery, it was agreed that one most important aid was the flashing lifejacket light, in this case, a Spinlock Lume-On. By the time Maybird reached the Fastnet, the wind started dropping, but at least she had got farther than she did in the 2016 race.

Light winds then prevailed and by Day 4 the crew were fed up with the lack of progress. On Day 5 there seemed to be no isobars anywhere on the weather chart and the usual southwest wind had vanished leaving Maybird becalmed. Dolphin and gannet watching passed the time.

On Day 6 things started to change with the coming of a breeze. Maybird, now with the 12 or 13 knots of wind she needed to move, was passing Slyne Head, halfway around the course. Jedi had finished!

Day 7 and Maybird was heading northeast towards the top of Ireland. All the pre-prepared meals had been eaten and the crew were searching the stores on board for pasta and tins of Irish stew.

Day 8 brought quite good winds round Tory Island, but into stronger tides.

Passing Rathlin Island on Day 9 they hit fog.

Day 10 saw them off Strangford Lough after seven hours of south-going tide and some north in the wind. A good run down to Dublin Bay, under reduced canvas with 20 knots of wind, cheered all on board. By now the crew of Jedi had been back at work for two days. Then the wind dropped, leaving Maybird dodging the fishing fleet and ferries while heading for Wicklow and the finish.

Coming in to finish, assuming they were so late that no one would be around, the crew were astonished to be met by a RIB with an invitation to breakfast ashore. There they were met by the entire committee and many members of the Wicklow Sailing Club to welcome them home. Once alongside, the tracker carried to prove they had been round Ireland was collected, and the crew numbers were counted to ensure they hadn’t lost anyone during the race.

Result:             Maybird finished last. Even on handicap she was last!

She was the oldest yacht in the race and the only gaff rigger.

 

Footnote:       On completing the Fastnet Race in 2011 Maybird had been presented with the “Iolaire Trophy” for being the oldest yacht in the race. The Iolaire Trophy, a small section of boat timber, was donated to RORC by Don Street who sailed his famous engine-less gaff yawl, Iolaire, in the fiftieth edition of the Fastnet Race in 1975, to be awarded to the oldest boat to complete the course in future races.

Believing this was a good idea, (did he think he might also win it in the future?) Darryl decided to do the same with a section of Maybird’s original wooden main mast. This trophy, adorned with engraved brass plates, has been presented via the Old Gaffers’ Association to the Wicklow Sailing Club. This is to be presented to the oldest yacht participating in the bi-annual Round Ireland Race. Darryl is desirous of encouraging older yachts, and especially those gaff rigged, as he puts it, to give it a lash.

Maybird trophy. Credit: Darryl Hughes

John Hasselgren,

26/01/2024.

Tags:  leisure sailing  leisure sailors  scg  small craft group 

PermalinkComments (0)
 

Report on a recent talk: Hydrography at the Port of London Authority

Posted By John Hasselgren, 14 November 2022

Hydrography at the Port of London Authority
- Talk by John Dillon-Leetch, Port Hydrographer

Report by John Hasselgren


This fascinating and informative talk was given as one of the Small Craft Group’s collaborations with the Royal Thames Yacht Club. 

John started by giving a brief synopsis of his journey from sailing on the West Coast of Ireland, becoming a Yachtmaster, then working in offshore oil and gas before joining the PLA and working up to his present position as Port Hydrographer.

We were then informed a that London was a Trust Port covering 400 square miles, with 95 miles of the river and its estuary and 70 wharves and terminals. By tonnage, 50 million per annum, it is the UK’s largest port. West of London the river is mainly used for recreation, the centre, in London, is mostly used as a road with 90 million passenger journeys, while east of London it is mainly commercial.

The PLA has a Vision Document for the desired future of the Thames, Thames Vision 2050. Here it sets out how it wants the Thames to develop under three main headings:

Trading Thames. Here it looks to be a competitive port, close to the UK’s largest market. Improved connectivity with road and rail infrastructure is its aim, with innovative solutions to expand the use of the river as a means of transporting varied light freight into central London instead of using the roads.

Destination Thames. The river needs to be accessible to all, with visitors drawn to it as the best way to enjoy London with its cultural attractions, and to use its leisure facilities.

Natural Thames. The aim is to have a clean river, free from sewage, waste and pollution supporting greater biodiversity and recreation. It should be valued for its clean air and wildlife as well as being a natural flood defence and carbon sink. More people should be living, working and taking relaxation around the river.

Moving onto the role of Hydrographic Services John described it Statuary Duties. These included the provision of charts for the safety of navigation, data analysis and mapping, provision of river advice and commercial survey work. Who needed these services? Mariners, Harbour Masters, Pilots, terminals and stakeholders. The challenges? Trade growth, available depths, the transition to digital charting, advances in technology and climate change.

Ship owners want their vessels to carry the maximum amount of cargo. This increases draft and minimizes under keel clearance. If insurers agree, this is usually 10% of the ship’s draft. An increase in the accuracy of surveys, leading to perhaps an extra 10cm of water could result in an extra 10,000 containers moving up the river.

Climate change could be a blessing with higher rainfall and rising sea levels leading to a reduced need to dredge. On the other hand it could also lead to extra water running down the river, with overload on the sewer system and increased pollution. Hence the need for the super sewer being built along the Thames beneath the river.

Pilots have their own electronic carry on board system, with the latest PLA charts. The PLA already has 160 pilots and is currently recruiting 16 new pilots a year to allow for natural losses and expected increase in demand. The surveying of the various channels was required to allow pilots to plan safe passage for vessels, making sure there was a safe UKC along the whole of the expected route. This would often require a vessel to reduce speed to allow the tide to rise sufficiently for the draft + 10% rule. To assist this we learnt that the tide heights from tidal gauges were broadcast regularly, together with any deviation from predicted heights. Next year it is expected that dredging will cost up to £200 million. Data recording is important as it allows comparison with earlier surveys indicating which channels are stable and which are likely to require dredging. Bringing a ship up the Thames, perhaps from the Sunk to its berth, is a bit like driving a heavy goods lorry up a motorway where the width of the road halves and bridge heights reduce by 6 metres every six hours.

To assist with the survey work the PLA has three vessels, Maplin, Thames and Galloper. The latter, Galloper, is capable of being loaded onto a trailer meaning that she can be transported to conduct surveys in other waters. Until 1991 all positions were fixed by horizontal sextant angles as GPS was considered too inaccurate for serious survey work. Since then GNSS has been used. In addition to these vessels, new technology is being introduced in the form of remotely controlled or autonomous small vessels, surface or sub-surface, and drones. The side scan sonar equipment can be moved from one to the other. As John Dillon-Leetch explained, the equipment may be fitted into a vessel costing £1.5 million or an AV costing £8 thousand. The AV, he said, needed no crew accommodation, galley nor heads. Also, they are quiet, non-polluting and the data is available in real time.

Responding to a question John explained that the PLA’s jurisdiction extended from Teddington down river and out east to the Gunfleet Sands, south to Margate Sand then west to the Isle of Sheppey.

Moving on to charts, the PLA produces its own portfolios of A2 size charts of the river and estuary which may be purchased. There are also charts at much larger scale for use in work areas or ships’ berths. These may be viewed on the PLA web site, which is well worth checking out. 

As a finale we were shown scans of some of the Estuary’s sunken vessels including the steel barque Dovenby which sank in 1914 with a cargo of guano. Also shown was the SS Richard Montgomery off Sheerness which still contains a cargo of explosives from the 2nd. World War. She is surveyed regularly to check the state of the deck; the masts are currently of concern and there are plans to cut them down before they fall. Just to prove that the PLA do sometimes work on contract to other authorities and businesses we saw a survey of the remains of the power station wall at Bradwell Power Station on the River Blackwater.

 

Tags:  hydrography  leisure sailing  maritime  small craft group 

PermalinkComments (0)